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RESPONSE OF WHEAT COMPOSITE CROSS POPULATIONS TO DISEASE AND CLIMATE VARIATION OVER 13 GENERATIONS

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第3期页码 400-415 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021394

摘要：

Since the F₅ (2005), three winter wheat composite cross populations (CCPs) based on germplasm specifically suitable for low-input conditions were subjected to natural selection under organic and conventional management. In the F₆, each CCP was divided into two parallel populations (12 CCPs in total) and maintained continuously until 2018. Commonly used modern cultivars with different disease susceptibilities were grown alongside to assess the agronomic performance of the CCPs. The organically managed CCPs were comparable in yield and foliar disease resistance to two continuously used reference cultivars, Achat and Capo. In contrast, under conventional management the cv. Capo outyielded the CCPs (Achat was not tested), highlighting the importance of parental cultivar choice for specific management systems. The CCPs were found to be moderately resistant to brown rust and even to the newly emerged stripe rust races prevalent in Europe since 2011. Differences between the CCPs were mainly due to parental genetic background and were significant in the first five generations, but were no longer so in the last five generations. In addition, these differences tended to vary depending on the experimental year and the environmental stresses present. In conclusion, the CCPs despite being derived from older cultivars are able to compete with more recently released reference cultivars under organic farming practices and represent a dynamic germplasm resource.

关键词： evolutionary breeding heterogeneous crop population management system

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Evolutionary engineering of

Jixian GONG, Nan DUAN, Xueming ZHAO

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第2期页码 174-178 doi: 10.1007/s11705-012-1276-3

摘要： Evolutionary engineering is a novel whole-genome wide engineering strategy inspired by natural evolution for strain improvement. Astaxanthin has been widely used in cosmetics, pharmaceutical and health care food due to its capability of quenching active oxygen. Strain improvement of , one of the main sources for natural astaxanthin, is of commercial interest for astaxanthin production. In this study a selection procedure was developed for adaptive evolution of strains under endogenetic selective pressure induced by additive in environmental niches. Six agents, which can induce active oxygen in cells, were added to the culture medium respectively to produce selective pressure in process of evolution. The initial strain, 2-1557, was mutagenized to acquire the initial strain population, which was then cultivated for 550 h at selective pressure and the culture was transferred every 48h. Finally, six evolved strains were selected after 150 generations of evolution. The evolved strains produced up to 48.2% more astaxanthin than the initial strain. Our procedure may provide a promising alternative for improvement of high-production strain.

关键词： evolutionary engineering astaxanthin strain improvement

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The impact of government incentives and penalties on willingness to recycle plastic waste: An evolutionary

Zhen Wang, Jiazhen Huo, Yongrui Duan

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1208-2

摘要： • Punishments increase the participation probability of collectors and recyclers. • Policy-sponsored incentives make collectors and recyclers to participate earlier. • Recyclers are more sensitive to government punishments than collectors. Because governments have introduced policies involving incentives and penalties to promote the recycling of plastic waste, it is important to understand the impact of such incentives and penalties on the willingness of stakeholders to participate. In this study, government is included as a player, alongside waste collectors and recyclers, in a tripartite evolutionary game model of plastic waste recycling. The study explores the evolutionary equilibrium and performs a simulation analysis to elucidate the effect of government incentives and penalties on the willingness of other players to participate in recycling. Three conclusions are drawn from this research. First, an increase in incentives or in penalties increases the probability that collectors and recyclers will participate in the recycling process. Second, policy support incentives encourage collectors and recyclers to participate in plastic waste recycling earlier than subsidy incentives do. Finally, recyclers are more sensitive than collectors to government-imposed penalties.

关键词： Plastic waste Recycle Reuse Government incentives Government penalties Evolutionary game

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基于候选方案排序的进化决策方法

荔建琦,陈火旺,王兵山

《中国工程科学》 2001年第3卷第1期页码 62-70

摘要：

由于无法得到准确的期望效用函数，在信息不完全和结果不确定的环境下作出决策是困难的。提出基于候选方案排序的进化决策方法。通常通过分析得出一组与候选方案期望效用相关的指标，设计决策规则归结为寻找二者之间的相关关系。如果将所有候选方案按其对效用有影响的指标分为n类，并利用进化算法在n!空间中搜索全部方案的期望效用排序，则根据此排序作出最佳决策。提出针对排序问题的遗传算法。该方法较少依赖专家知识，无须显式地构造期望效用函数，能有效处理非数值或非量化指标以及指标冲突和指标相关等问题，在带随机噪声环境下仍能获得稳健解。在仿真机器人控制器设计中的应用表明了该方法的有效性。

关键词：进化决策进化机器人排序问题遗传算法

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Comments on this special issue on “Wheat Genetics and Breeding”

Zhonghu HE, Xu LLU

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第3期页码 309-309 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019264

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Research on the ecological compensation standard of the basin pollution control project based on evolutionary

Dongbin HU, Huiwu LIU, Xiaohong CHEN, Yang CHEN

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第4期页码 575-583 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0044-1

摘要： Ecological compensation is a new resource and environment management model. As one of the main areas for implementing ecological compensation policies, basin ecological compensation has become an important measure for encouraging basin pollution control projects and improving the quality of regional economic development. By applying the basic game analysis of evolutionary game theory and building an evolutionary game model with a “reward–punishment” mechanism, this paper compares the interest-related decision-making behaviors of the upstream and downstream stakeholders of basin ecological compensation. By using data on the water quality of Xiangjiang River Basin, this paper calculates the rewards and penalties in different intervals by building a parametric regression mathematical model and employing the local linear regression method. Results show that a decline in water quality should be fined RMB 925500 yuan, an improvement in water quality should be awarded RMB 1227800 yuan, and a deteriorating water quality should be severely fined RMB 5087600 yuan.

关键词： evolutionary game ecological compensation standard Xiangjiang River Basin

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Application of a Novel Fuzzy Clustering Method Based on Chaos Immune Evolutionary Algorithm for Edge

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2006年第1卷第1期页码 85-89 doi: 10.1007/s11465-005-0023-6

摘要：

A novel fuzzy clustering method based on chaos immune evolutionary algorithm (CIEFCM) is presented to solve fuzzy edge detection problems in image processing. In CIEFCM, a tiny disturbance is added to a filial generation group using a chaos variable and the disturbance amplitude is adjusted step by step, which greatly improves the colony diversity of the immune evolution algorithm (IEA). The experimental results show that the method not only can correctly detect the fuzzy edge and exiguous edge but can evidently improve the searching efficiency of fuzzy clustering algorithm based on IEA.

关键词： disturbance amplitude disturbance diversity generation processing

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基于空间收缩的并行演化算法

王涛,李歧强

《中国工程科学》 2003年第5卷第3期页码 57-61

摘要：

提出了一种基于空间收缩的求解MINLP问题的新算法。算法应用了快速有效的不完全演化搜索较优解的分布信息，通过分布信息定位最优解的可能分布，再由精英个体信息决定下次搜索空间。仿真结果表明该算法在搜索效率、应用范围、解的精确性和鲁棒性上都优于其他现存演化算法。

关键词：空间收缩演化算法 MINLP

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Highlights of special issue on “Wheat Genetics and Breeding”

Zhonghu HE, Zhendong ZHAO, Shunhe CHENG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第3期页码 207-209 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019263

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Genomics and genetic breeding in aquatic animals: progress and prospects

Wenteng XU, Songlin CHEN

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第3期页码 305-318 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017154

摘要： Genomics focuses on dissection of genome structure and function to provide a molecular basis for understanding the genetic background. In a pivotal step, the expense of whole genome sequencing has been largely eliminated by the rapid updating of sequencing technology, leading to increasing numbers of decoded genomes of aquatic organisms, driving the aquaculture industry into the genomic era. Multiple aquatic areas have been influenced by these findings, such as accelerated generation shift in the seed industry and the process of breeding improved lines. In this article, we have summarized the latest domestic and international progress of aquatic animals in nine aspects, including WGS and fine mapping, construction of high density genetic/physical maps, trait-related marker/genes screening, as well as sex control, genome editing, and other molecular breeding technologies. Finally, the existing problems in this field have been discussed and five future counter measures have been proposed accordingly.

关键词： aquaculture genomics genetic breeding progress

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Wheat research and breeding in the new era of a high-quality reference genome

Rudi APPELS

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第3期页码 225-232 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019265

摘要：

The publications of the International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium (IWGSC) released in August 2018 are reviewed and placed into the context of developments arising from the availability of the high-quality wheat genome assembly.

关键词： assembly technology molecular markers polyploidy transcript networks wheat genome

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Genetic study and molecular breeding for high phosphorus use efficiency in maize

null

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第4期页码 366-379 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019278

摘要：

Phosphorus is the second most important macronutrient after nitrogen and it has many vital functions in the life of plants. Most soils have a low available P content, which has become a key limiting factor for increasing crop production. Also, low P use efficiency (PUE) of crops in conjunction with excessive application of P fertilizers has resulted in serious environmental problems. Thus, dissecting the genetic architecture of crop PUE, mining related quantitative trait loci (QTL) and using molecular breeding methods to improve high PUE germplasm are of great significance and serve as an efficient approach for the development of sustainable agriculture. In this review, molecular and phenotypic characteristics of maize inbred lines with high PUE, related QTL and genes as well as low-P responses are summarized. Based on this, a breeding strategy applying genomic selection as the core, and integrating the existing genetic information and molecular breeding techniques is proposed for breeding high PUE maize inbred lines and hybrids.

关键词： maize phosphorus use efficiency quantitative trait loci genetic study molecular breeding genomic selection

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水产育种生物技术发展战略研究

陈松林,徐文腾,卢昇,胡炜,王德寿,胡晓丽,周茜,刘清华,赵紫霞,覃钦博,王师,刘洋,崔忠凯

《中国工程科学》 2023年第25卷第4期页码 214-226 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2023.07.023

摘要： Comparative genome anatomy reveals evolutionary insights into a unique amphitriploid fish [J]‍.Evaluation of the 2b-RAD method for genomic selection in scallop breeding [J]‍.Evolutionary Applications , 2022 , 15 6 : 992 ‒ 1001 ‍.The evolutionary consequences of polyploidy [J]‍. Cell‍ , 2007 , 131 2 : 452 ‒ 462 ‍.Evolutionary Applications , 2022 , 15 6 : 992 ‒ 1001 ‍.

关键词：生物技术；水产育种技术；传统育种技术；分子育种技术；智能育种技术

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多目标优化与决策问题的演化算法

谢涛,陈火旺

《中国工程科学》 2002年第4卷第2期页码 59-68

摘要：

近年来，多目标优化与决策问题求解已成为演化计算的一个重要研究方向。为使演化算法的种群解能尽快收敛并均匀分布于多目标问题的非劣最优域，多目标演化算法的研究热点集中在基于Pareto最优概念的种群个体的比较与排序、适应值賦值与小生境技术等方面。介绍了多目标优化与决策技术的发展历史与分类方法，分析了基于Pareto最优概念与不基于Pareto最优概念两大类的多目标演化算法，并详细比较与分析了几种典型多目标演化算法。其次，论述了与多目标演化算法研究紧密相关的一些问题，如多目标问题解的性质，测试函数集设计，算法性能评估技术，算法收敛性，并行实现以及实际多目标优化问题的处理等。

关键词：演化计算多目标优化与决策 Pareto最优

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油菜转基因育种研究进展

官春云

《中国工程科学》 2002年第4卷第8期页码 34-39

摘要：

简要介绍了国外油菜转基因育种情况，包括转除草剂抗性基因，病原菌抗性基因，耐重金属基因，影响种子贮藏产物基因，影响繁殖特性基因，医药和工业产品基因，以及启动子调节基因等。较详细介绍了湖南农业大学在Bt毒蛋白基因转化甘蓝型油菜育成抗虫新品系、基因工程雄性不育系、恢复系选育和杂种优势利用，以及反义FAD2基因转化甘蓝型油菜双低品种提高油酸含量的研究结果；浙江省农科院利用反义PEP基因转化甘蓝型油菜提高种子含油量的研究结果。

关键词：油菜转基因育种